こんにちは。
fdisk にあまり馴染みがなかったので、勉強がてら LVM 構築/拡張の検証をしてみました。
1.環境
ラズパイに USB メモリを 2 つアタッチして LVM 環境を構築します。
※ 最初は 1 つの USB メモリで LVM を構築、2 つ目で拡張を行います。
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sdb 8:16 1 29.7G 0 disk sda 8:0 1 14.5G 0 disk mmcblk0 179:0 0 29.4G 0 disk |-mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 488M 0 part [SWAP] |-mmcblk0p3 179:3 0 28.7G 0 part / `-mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 286M 0 part /boot
2.LVM構築
1 つめの USB メモリにパーティションを切って LVM を構築ます。
## LVM のパーティションを作成
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-30310399, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-30310399, default 30310399):
Using default value 30310399
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 14.5 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 15.5 GB, 15518924800 bytes, 30310400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x8f5acbf5
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 2048 30310399 15154176 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 15.5 GB, 15518924800 bytes, 30310400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x8f5acbf5
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 2048 30310399 15154176 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
## パーティションの確認
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 1 29.7G 0 disk
sda 8:0 1 14.5G 0 disk
`-sda1 8:1 1 14.5G 0 part
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29.4G 0 disk
|-mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 488M 0 part [SWAP]
|-mmcblk0p3 179:3 0 28.7G 0 part /
`-mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 286M 0 part /boot
## 物理ボリューム作成
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda1
Physical volume "/dev/sda1" successfully created.
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# pvdisplay
"/dev/sda1" is a new physical volume of "14.45 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda1
VG Name
PV Size 14.45 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID bmKMbk-xiag-DHqv-J2N8-AAUA-plbr-yMOJgQ
## ボリュームグループ(testvg01)作成
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# vgcreate testvg01 /dev/sda1
Volume group "testvg01" successfully created
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testvg01
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <14.45 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 3699
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 3699 / <14.45 GiB
VG UUID D98n40-QSB4-CLFX-G8gl-4GAV-8K9K-ncMLJX
## 論理ボリューム(testlv01)作成
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lvcreate -n testlv01 -l 100%FREE testvg01
Logical volume "testlv01" created.
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/testvg01/testlv01
LV Name testlv01
VG Name testvg01
LV UUID 81F6gu-v9lD-K36o-mf0o-15dX-D6wj-UFcRbC
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time sanuki-raspi-wd01, 2020-10-05 08:26:25 +0900
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size <14.45 GiB
Current LE 3699
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 254:0
## 論理ボリュームにファイルシステム作成
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# mkfs -t xfs /dev/testvg01/testlv01
meta-data=/dev/testvg01/testlv01 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=946944 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=3787776, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
## /mnt/HDDにマウント
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# mkdir /mnt/HDD
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# mount -t xfs /dev/testvg01/testlv01 /mnt/HDD/
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 1 29.7G 0 disk
sda 8:0 1 14.5G 0 disk
`-sda1 8:1 1 14.5G 0 part
`-testvg01-testlv01 254:0 0 14.5G 0 lvm /mnt/HDD
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29.4G 0 disk
|-mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 488M 0 part [SWAP]
|-mmcblk0p3 179:3 0 28.7G 0 part /
`-mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 286M 0 part /boot
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/root 29G 1.4G 27G 5% /
devtmpfs 430M 0 430M 0% /dev
tmpfs 463M 0 463M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 463M 12M 451M 3% /run
tmpfs 463M 0 463M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mmcblk0p1 286M 55M 231M 20% /boot
tmpfs 93M 0 93M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/testvg01-testlv01 15G 33M 15G 1% /mnt/HDD
3.LVM 拡張
ここから 2 つめの USB メモリで LVM を拡張してみます。
## パーティション作成
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 1 29.7G 0 disk
sda 8:0 1 14.5G 0 disk
`-sda1 8:1 1 14.5G 0 part
`-testvg01-testlv01 254:0 0 14.5G 0 lvm /mnt/HDD
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29.4G 0 disk
|-mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 488M 0 part [SWAP]
|-mmcblk0p3 179:3 0 28.7G 0 part /
`-mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 286M 0 part /boot
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-62333951, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-62333951, default 62333951):
Using default value 62333951
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 29.7 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 31.9 GB, 31914983424 bytes, 62333952 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1a15259c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 62333951 31165952 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 31.9 GB, 31914983424 bytes, 62333952 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1a15259c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 62333951 31165952 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 1 29.7G 0 disk
`-sdb1 8:17 1 29.7G 0 part
sda 8:0 1 14.5G 0 disk
`-sda1 8:1 1 14.5G 0 part
`-testvg01-testlv01 254:0 0 14.5G 0 lvm /mnt/HDD
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29.4G 0 disk
|-mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 488M 0 part [SWAP]
|-mmcblk0p3 179:3 0 28.7G 0 part /
`-mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 286M 0 part /boot
## 物理ボリューム作成
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda1
VG Name testvg01
PV Size 14.45 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 3699
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 3699
PV UUID bmKMbk-xiag-DHqv-J2N8-AAUA-plbr-yMOJgQ
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "29.72 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 29.72 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 0Gn20F-PrwI-KZj4-9ocS-K1Pz-QoBV-AMOVV3
## ボリュームグループ(testvg01)の拡張
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testvg01
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <14.45 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 3699
Alloc PE / Size 3699 / <14.45 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID D98n40-QSB4-CLFX-G8gl-4GAV-8K9K-ncMLJX
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# vgextend testvg01 /dev/sdb1
Volume group "testvg01" successfully extended
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testvg01
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size <44.17 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 11307
Alloc PE / Size 3699 / <14.45 GiB
Free PE / Size 7608 / <29.72 GiB
VG UUID D98n40-QSB4-CLFX-G8gl-4GAV-8K9K-ncMLJX
## 論理ボリューム(testlv01)の拡張
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/testvg01/testlv01
LV Name testlv01
VG Name testvg01
LV UUID 81F6gu-v9lD-K36o-mf0o-15dX-D6wj-UFcRbC
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time sanuki-raspi-wd01, 2020-10-05 08:26:25 +0900
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size <14.45 GiB
Current LE 3699
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 254:0
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/testvg01/testlv01
Size of logical volume testvg01/testlv01 changed from <14.45 GiB (3699 extents) to <44.17 GiB (11307 extents).
Logical volume testvg01/testlv01 successfully resized.
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/testvg01/testlv01
LV Name testlv01
VG Name testvg01
LV UUID 81F6gu-v9lD-K36o-mf0o-15dX-D6wj-UFcRbC
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time sanuki-raspi-wd01, 2020-10-05 08:26:25 +0900
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size <44.17 GiB
Current LE 11307
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 254:0
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 1 29.7G 0 disk
`-sdb1 8:17 1 29.7G 0 part
`-testvg01-testlv01 254:0 0 44.2G 0 lvm /mnt/HDD
sda 8:0 1 14.5G 0 disk
`-sda1 8:1 1 14.5G 0 part
`-testvg01-testlv01 254:0 0 44.2G 0 lvm /mnt/HDD
mmcblk0 179:0 0 29.4G 0 disk
|-mmcblk0p2 179:2 0 488M 0 part [SWAP]
|-mmcblk0p3 179:3 0 28.7G 0 part /
`-mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 286M 0 part /boot
## ファイルシステムの拡張
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/testvg01/testlv01
meta-data=/dev/mapper/testvg01-testlv01 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=946944 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=3787776, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 3787776 to 11578368
[root@sanuki-raspi-wd01 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/root 29G 1.4G 27G 5% /
devtmpfs 430M 0 430M 0% /dev
tmpfs 463M 0 463M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 463M 12M 451M 3% /run
tmpfs 463M 0 463M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mmcblk0p1 286M 55M 231M 20% /boot
tmpfs 93M 0 93M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/testvg01-testlv01 45G 33M 45G 1% /mnt/HDDストレージ周りは怖いのであんまり触りたくないですね。
